Bibliography and Discussion Board Answer Assignment

Bibliography and Discussion Board Answer - Assignment ExampleThe focus of this ledger is at seekers and clinicians concentrating on enhancing the knowledge base for the diagnosing, medical prognosis and intervention of mental health considerations in adolescents and children. Along with considering the aspects of neuropsychology and neurobiology neglected in other traditional diarys. This journal is aimed to assist the integration offshoot of basic sciences, medical research as well as practical application of such findings. harmonize to Scimago Lab (2012), this journal offers a scientifically thorough and generally open forum for cross cultural as well as interdisciplinary interchange of explored information, necessitating pediatrics, psychologists, adolescent and child psychiatrists, neuroscientists, as well as allied disciplines. While contributions are principally from psychiatry, psychology, social work, nursing, medicine, education, law enforcement, anthropology and legisl ature, CAPMH promotes the pertained lay person and the child pore proponent organizations to add. CAPMH is a peer-reviewed publication that works while following its strict guidelines for the review. The articles are chiefly research oriented while depending upon the authors thought some are also practitioner oriented. a few(prenominal) articles that I found relating to the different sorts of psychiatric disorders faced by children were providing a comprehensive view of the topic. This journal started its publication in 2007 and since then six of its volumes have been issued publishing 193 articles. The articles of this journal are all genial completely to various scholarly databases like Pubmed etc.While searching, Journal of the American Academy of child and Adolescent Psychiatry was also noticed as the relevant source of information on the topic. It entails, as mentioned by Elsevier (2012), JAACAP is the authorized periodical of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Ps ychiatry. It is the one of the leading journals

Critically disscuss the principles underpinning the doctrine of Essay

critically disscuss the principles underpinning the doctrine of good entrust and its necessity in english use up law - Essay ExampleThis flip-flop is that exchange of stipulation. Thus, if no affection bes it holds that there is nothing on which to create or found liability. interactional undertakings between the catching parties have to be there. Promises by either of the parties have to be fulfilled. Therefore, if neither of the contracting parties promises or gives anything, there exists no consideration for the second caller to promise or act. In the past, when contracts were unaccompanied verbal, the English Common law never wanted to enforce any offers that were gratuitous, (that is, offers without anything in exchange). Thus, the criterion of consideration was added to the Common law. Judge Wilmot stated in his verdict in a 1765 case of Pillans vs Mierop, that consideration came in the times of verbal contracts and to such, the law required something to make agreeme nts formal. This was to let the court determine at what refer a deliberate undertaking took place to obligate oneself. Any contract which does not have consideration is called a nudum pactum. (duhaime.org, 2011) The doctrine of consideration attaches to itself several principles according to Ramsey and Thomas Telford limited in their book. These atomic number 18 very(prenominal) essential as per the book and they determine sufficiency and adequacy. These allow the facts that consideration has to be sufficient or real, it has to be something besides the existing obligation to the contracting parties, it must not be a consideration for past contracts, it has to be given as a return to a prior promise, it must be economically valuable and it has to emanate from the party making a promise. (Ramsey and Thomas Telford Ltd, 2007 p 253) The study will narrow down on the principles, though. Focus will be on the main requirements for a contract to be considered valid. To this, four main p rinciples will be put into consideration. Four main principles have to exist in a contract so as consideration to uphold or to be valid. These include the fact that consideration has to be sufficient but not necessarily adequate, it is a must it be valuable, consideration has to come from the promisee to the promisor and it maybe executed or executor, though. Past consideration is not liberal to and a promise. This, study is going to consider the four principles or requirements in detail and also in pursuit of understanding further the doctrine. The requirements are going to be tackled in the order in which they are stated. (Lisa, 2002) The major rule under consideration as Fisher and Greenwood state in their book is that it is a must consideration be sufficient be sufficient it is not a must it be adequate, though. To the adequacy issue, the book says that there is nothing amiss in purchasing a valuable feature like a painting for an amount of USD 10. Fundamentally, consideration is just token showing a partys intent in making a legal contract unlike a affable non-biding agreement. This stated token involves the giving of a thing that is of value in line with the requirements of law. Consideration, thus, is no locate of fairness or equity in a contract, but it is just an evidence that there exists a legal and enforceable contractual agreement between the involved parties. This is in opposition to any favorable arrangement with no intent of a legal contract. Note that, the

Object Oriented Programming is the main drain in project development Essay

Object Oriented Programming is the main drain in project development time due to its complexity - Essay ExampleAbstraction is simply be as disregarding the extraneous percentages, properties, or features and emphasizing the ones that are significant to the related program. Abstraction refers to pickings the essential parts of the program and incorporating them into the program while putting away the parts of the program that may not be essential in the process of program development. Encapsulation in simple terms is summing up or rather putting together. Encapsulation is the way of assembling into a single object the data and the trading operations that affect the programs data. inheritance refers to the process of developing new and unique classes from the ones that have been existence. Inheritance also makes the new classes to acquire the attributes and behaviour of the previous classes. (Svenk 2003, p232.) The new attributes and behaviour of the former classes are combine i nto the new classes so as to suit their requirements. Inheritance may be either single or partial. Polymorphism is the capability of the program developed to perform similar operations on diverse types of objects. separately operation is implemented in a way that is apt to the objects that are in use in the program. Object oriented programming bundles procedures and data structures so that an object which is an illustration of class is able to work on on its own data structure. Polymorphism degree that is allowed varies and is of three major flavours referred to as parametric polymorphism, function overloading and sub-typing polymorphism. Parametric polymorphism allows the description of a class or function to be conceptual with keep to some set of types and is predominantly essential when describing abstract data type objects such as lists, arrays, queues, stacks, chop maps trees, graphs, and sets. Data stored in all these abstract data types is stored in a neutral way and is qualify parametrically thus allowing the re-usability of the data. Parametric polymorphism allows a single function definition to be used with arguments of varying types. Parametric polymorphism is particularly useful in structural modelling due to the substantial subdue of parametric polymorphic modules. serve up overloading allows the program to modify a function computation based on the types of its arguments as well as allowing a single function to be defined with many signatures. Function overloading helps improve the re-usability by increasing the applicability of the components involved thereof. It helps improve the applicability of the program in different fields since it can be applied in various modules seeing that the components are re-usable. The natural wing of functional overloading is to allow a component to identify various type signatures for its ports in the structural domain. Sub-typing is in such a manner that it allows a value of one type to be used in a pla ce where a value of another type is a requirement so coarse as the first type is a subtype of the latter. This means that in function call, it is possible for data whose types are subtypes of the function types to be

Separation of Powers in the U.S. Constitution Essay

Separation of Powers in the U.S. Constitution - Essay ExampleCongress is the still body with legislation powers in the United States. Nondelegation doctrine illustrates that Congress cannot delegate this law making duty, to both other organization. lordly Court illustrated in Clinton v. City of New York (1998) that Congress cannot delegate to the president the line-item prevent because of guarantees in the Constitution. Executive power and authority is vested and practiced by the President of United States. The president is the commandant in Chief of the United States Army and Navy, has authority to make appointments to office and treaties, the militia of states during service, receives ambassadors, receives public ministers, and ensures the sheepfold execution of the laws. Congress writes legislation to guide executive officials in the performance of the duties in accordance with the law. The peremptory Court in, INS v. Chadha (1983), illustrated that all legislative powers a re vested in Congress for bills to become law, they must be pass by the President (Kilman & Costello 158). Judicial power entails the ability of determining contr everyplacesies and cases. This power is practiced by the Supreme Court, and junior courts initiated by Congress. It is not clearly illustrated, in the constitution, the superiority of any government branch over others. But, James Madison illustrated in Federalist 51 that each branch has different abilities to defend itself against actions of others for instance, in the republican government, the predominant authority if legislative.

California Clinics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

California Clinics - canvass ExampleThis depart in turn annex the required ordain of return.ii) Time Preference for expending If people choose to consume their income now rather to save, this will reduce the supply of enthronement funds dandy oblivious to the demand of investment capital at that time. In this conditions, the firms will find lesser sources impart investment capital and they try to attract more investment capital by offering them higher(prenominal) affaire rate and this will again increase the required rate of return from the investment fol low-pitcheding the higher rate of relate that these firms will be offering. Similarly, if people decide to save now and lead later, this will lead excess supply of investment capital in the market. The firms here will be able to obtain investment capital at lower rates and will enjoy reduced interest expenses. Some projects that were not feasible because of high interest rates in the market will now become feasible and fi rms will borrow more. However, due to excess investment capital uncommitted in the market, the interest rate will decrease and so as the required rate of return.iii) risk Risk requires compensation and likewise it will affect the interest rate of capital of investment. If the risk of an investment is high, whence the investors will only be willing to invest in that project at truly high interest rates. ... iii) Risk Risk requires compensation and likewise it will affect the interest rate of capital of investment. If the risk of an investment is high, then the investors will only be willing to invest in that project at very high interest rates. If the risk of a certain project is low, then the investors will be investing in that project at lower rates of return and interest rate. Hence, we can develop a relationship between interest rates and the risk of a project. These ii take leaveings are directly related with risk being the independent variable and interest being the vari able depended upon risk factor of a project. Any increase in the risk factor is going to increase the interest rate or required rate of return of a project. Similarly, if the risk factor of an investment is low, so will be the interest rate. This clearly shows that risk requires compensation and interest rates vary depending on the risk factor of a project. A logical explanation to this is the fact that very a few(prenominal) people are interested in investing in highly risky project fearing that they may lose out their money. As a result, the supply on investment capital is very low for these projects and vice versa. Inflation Inflation reduces the purchasing power of money. It erodes the purchasing power of people if their money is not invested into projects yielding interest rates which are at least equal to the going rate of inflation. If the interest rate earned is less that inflation, then you are losing out the real value of your money. This means that it wont be able to bu y in the future, as much as it buying now. This is a dangerous plaza for investors as they are faced with a situation in which the real value of their assets is decreasing. In multiplication of inflations,

Document Imaging Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Document visualise - Research Paper ExampleWith the advancement in science and technology, document imaging concept has beat one of the most effective and essential concept, which has helped wrinkle organizations as an official communication intermediary in modern civilization. The concept of document imaging has been introduced in the business in order to minimize the sensual struggle of human. It has been observed that the traditional methods of storing paper and records required a higher rate of effort to have a go at it the entire document imaging process. Moreover, it has been observed that more difficulties arise during the distributing and finding process. It can be advertize asserted that with the growing number of files, the difficulties in managing them also increased accompanied with significant time and effort consumption. The actual purpose of developing this document image process is to perform business operations rapidly and efficiently. Similarly the imaging d ocument concepts also help to analysis and compare several data, information and messages at a time. According to the observation, it has been identified that document imaging transforms paper documents into electronic images format, which has helped individuals and business organizations to perform their business task easily and efficiently. The document imaging process can take many forms such as document scanner, multifunction peripheral (MFP), fax machine and other scanning device among others (Hewahi et al, n.d.).It has observed that during the early 21th vitamin C the concept of document imaging has been used by modern civilization in order to collect, capture, and monetary fund information, images and characters for business or individual operational purpose. During the early historic period it has been observed, that human used to interior decorator historical matters in a hand scripted documents for their memoirs such as declaration of independence, the constitution and elevation of right among others. Thus, it can be apparently

Twining and Company Limited Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Twining and Company Limited - turn out ExampleAlthough, Twinings energise a broad customer segment, it hind end focus on the four prospective segment of female population particularly professional women, college or university students, catering services and wellness apprised customers in and around Hull. With its existing products providing good results, Twinings can launch its trade campaigns incorporating certain effective aspects of marketing mix to increase its market sh are and profits even further. Twining and Company Limited 1. Introduction Twinings is own by Associated British Foods, a FTSE top 50 company with an annual turnover exceeding ?4 billion, since 1964. (twinings.com). Twinings does not own any tea leaf gardens or any tea factories, and instead they source division a well developed network of tea estates and suppliers. These network of growers and suppliers of Twinings were from India, Sri Lanka, China, Kenya, Indonesia and Brazil. (twinings.com). Twinings m arkets these sourced tea under various pock names and varieties, currently grassing more than 100 varieties of regional and flavored teas. Twining has a strong team of tea tasters or quality controllers, marketing team and other departments to reach the finished tea to the target customers in UK, France, USA, Australia Scandinavia, Russia, Italy and some Asian countries. (twinings.com). Twinings is selling these varieties of tea backed by a strong marketing campaign, which can be further optimized to make it competitive during the period of Christmas 2011 in Hull in UK SWOT Strengths Twinings have a longstanding presence in tea market, having been established 300 years ago. (twinings.com). Have a strong long-standing relationship with growers and suppliers from around the world. As they do not own any tea gardens and tea factories (so they do not grow or manufacture), they does not need to use their own produce, instead they are sourcing quality tea from various growers, manufactu rers and suppliers. (twinings.com). Follow advanced and quality processing standards and technique (twinings.com). Founding outgrowth of Ethical Tea partnership Weaknesses Strong dislike for its The New Earl Grey variety or stake among majority of its customers. (Brown). Customers disliked the taste of The Early Grey, with many customers complaining the new variety makes it hard for them to cessation at night. (Brown). Although, Twinings is the founding member of Ethical Tea Partnership, it is being accused of indulging in wrong practices Twinings does not offer price advantage, as its products price is equal to or more than other brands graduate(prenominal) price. Opportunities Twinings can offer a range of specialty Teas, infusions and Green Teas to maximize profit potential from graduate(prenominal) margin products. (twiningsfs.co.uk) Twinings has good opportunities in the health tea segment and can offer more varieties of health enriching teas to health conscious customers It can offer Premium tea experience as the customers are vigilant to pay more. (twiningsfs.co.uk) Can tie-up with food outlets and other restaurants Can also associate with or sell to catering companies which does service in the hospitality, airlines and other corporate sectors. Threat Dislike among customers for new varieties Twinings decision to defect its production processes from UK to Poland and China, could lead to job losses among the local population, thereby creating negative image among the UK target customer base. (telegraph.co.uk 2011) Entry of low priced equivalents from local manufacturers as well as foreign manufacturers,

Troy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

troy - Es verify ExampleIn fact, at the very beginning of The Iliad, Achilles is upset (to say the least) with Agamemnon, and asks his mother, Thetis, to intervene by convincing Zeus to favor Achilles. Thetis does this, and it offends the goddess Hera. So goes the course of actions in The Iliad. At diverse times throughout The Iliad, the action scenes are actually gods and goddesses fighting amongst, and betraying, one another. This is very various from troy, in which all of the action revolves around the main characters fighting marks The Iliad is just his precursor for The Odyssey, so one of the other obvious differences is that The Iliad ends with the funeral of Hector. Troy ends with the burning of the city, citizens fleeing for their lives, and the death of Achilles. Again, the importance of these details depends on what watchers of Troy already know. Students and scholars might be a little more inclined to deem the movie strain unrealistic however, those without prior knowle dge or passion for the material may not care that Troy seems to be one long saga, rather than two separate pieces of epic poetry.David Benioff is the screenwriter who adapted Homers visions. Not speaking technically, he did a good job. Troy director Wolfgang Peterson did, of course, stray just about from Homers vision, but overall the movie seemed to be an attempt to please even the layperson. Benioffs translations are uncomplicated. The language of more modern versions of The Iliad is easy, which is what Benioff was after. Older, less translated versions of The Iliad are much more complicated. More a lot than not, novice readers would be more comfortable with the format Benioff uses. Even with the screenwriting and directors license, the movie essentially conveys Homers theme. The Iliad is a love story. So is Troy. The Iliad is action-packed. So is Troy.The mood of Troy is somewhat different than The

Trademarks infringement under Saudi Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

marks ravishment under Saudi-Arabian Law - Essay ExampleIn situations where such(prenominal) marks are utilize to identify services, they may be referred to as service marks although they are generally treated as trademarks. In the Saudi Law, trademark protection is recognized and can extend beyond words, phrases and symbols to include other aspects of a crossing like the packaging and color. The trademarks make it very easy for customers of a product to identify the source of the products very quickly indeed. They do not have to go about doing a lot of reading or making a lot of enquiries to know where the product comes from. Trademarks Infringement The Saudi Law recognizes the protection of trademarks of companies. As such, trademark infringement is an issue that is offensive both criminally and civilly. This implies that a party that owns rights to a special(prenominal) trademark can sue another that infringes this right. Trademark infringement can come about as a result of one party, organization or company using identical marks, words, symbols and phrases that are already in use by another party, company or organization (USA International Business Publications, 2007, pp. 46-47). The factors that look on the level of infringement include the strength of the mark, the similarity of the marks, and the proximity of the goods and the evidence of actual confusion. The similarity of channel of marketing used and the intent of the defendant can also be used to determine the infringement. Trademark infringement is an evil as it denies the right owner the opportunity to eudaemonia from the trademark both socially and economically. Every organization, therefore, has a right to be protected from such infringement. Crime qualitys on infringement of trademarks in that location have been several cases of trademark infringement that bar individual organizations from fully benefiting from the products that they sell. Crime cases of trademark infringement occur where the infringement from its intent, undoubtedly affects not just the organization involved, but the whole society (Bureau of subject field Affairs, 1995). Cases involving individuals are civil naturally, but where they extend to affect the society, they become criminal. It goes without saying that some organizations have stolen trademarks used by reputable organizations to produce substandard goods, which may bring about ill health to the sinless society. In such a situation, the trademark infringement extends beyond being a civil case to a crime. Punishment for Infringement Trademark protection has seen certain punishment enhanced for those whom infringe such an important right in Saudi. The minister of commerce has a duty to appoint the officers to take lavatory action against those who infringe and violate this significant intellectual property right. One possible punishment is the seizure of all the counterfeit goods by the officers appointed by the minister. The individ uals who infringe are, therefore, at a huge encounter of losing the property that they own. The penalties for trademark infringement have also been increased. Individuals who infringe this right can be agonistic to pay up to 168000dollars (Heper, 1994, p. 36). Besides, one risks being imprisoned for infringing this intellectual property right. These punishments have been put in place to ensure that the organizations owning a given trademark have an exclusive right over it and benefit from it socially, intellectually and economically. Use of Other Trademarks for Bad Intentions It is also saddening that some individuals use some trademarks for bad

Discuss the findings of the OFGEM report with regards to the UK energy Coursework

Discuss the findings of the OFGEM report with regards to the UK energy mart and discuss if more competition between the bounteous six UK energy firms may benefit UK consumers - Coursework representativeHowever, the fact that consumers dont complain about the market operations provokes thinking that the market is circus to both buyers and sellers. But this is not the case since consumers silence might be led by the inelasticity of demand. The primary(prenominal) mandate of OFGEM is to set rules and regulations, implement them and maybe punish firms who act against customer satisfaction. With close link t the government, OFGEM ensures that energy regulatory system remains sound in that it protects consumers as well as ensuring a price effective investment. So far, OFGEM has initiated new entrant protection plans such as regulating the big six firms tariff plans made to bar customers from shifting. As matter of fact, each indemnity that OFGEM, as it will be shown later in this essa y, reduces the big firms power making the environment advance for consumers and new entrantsThe UK energy sector is divided into cardinal sections energy generation, energy transportation and energy supply. The three sectors are open and allow other firms to enter. However, the six firms tend to combat the market making it laboured for new entrants. As matter of fact, government does not produce energy in UK, neither does it simplicity price. Therefore, the quantity of energy supplied barely depends on market forces and so does the price. The existence of several suppliers gives the buyer an fortune to choose where to buy from. The big six offer many options for customers to choose from. There are in addition independent suppliers.As noted earlier, prices are higher than the competitive market price, and increase more than the cost of production. The price of gas and electricity showed an increasing trend between 2007 and 2013, and is expected to rise higher by 2020 if not reg ulated. This increment signifies a rise in suppliers power to raise prices and hence, a prove that the market is not a competitive market structure (Sloman and Garratt 2013). Moreover, firms in the generation

Implication of Global Warming on Organizational Leadership Essay - 1

Implication of Global Warming on organizational Leadership - Essay ExampleAlthough the twentieth century is still young, recently a variety events and concerns pass water surfaced that pose as major challenge for contemporary communication channel world. In recent years, climate change has developed from being a fringe concern within the corporate world, sumressed primarily by means of a companys corporate and social responsibility, to an increasingly central topic for strategic unhurriedness and decision making by executives and investors around the globe. Climate changes issues ar among the most urgent global challenges in international business arena. The international environment issue attracted much more attention from politics, civil society, the media and business because of its actual and potential impact. With wide spread industrialization, the environmental impact of fossil fuels has taken centre tier in an international debate over the phenomenon known as global warming. The global warming affects some(prenominal) regions of the world adversely and hence industries around the world are at a major flagellum from environment. The responsibilities of MNCs with regard to global warming are huge and a strategic move from leaders of international business would make much difference.The Concept of Global WarmingThe phrase global warming has bring about familiar to many people as one of the most important environmental issue of our day. compassionate activities of all kinds whether in industry, in the field , or concerned with transport or the home are resulting in emission of increasing quantities of gas, in particular carbon did- oxide, into the atmosphere. Every year these emissions currently add to the carbon already present in the atmosphere carbon dioxide a further seven mebibyte million tones, much of which is likely to remain there for a hundred years or more.

Gotham City the residents reported that the street prostitution Assignment

Gotham City the residents reported that the street prostitution Discussion - Assignment Examplethe wrongdoer, quelling of any opportunity that the offender may have and hardening the situation making it difficult for the offender to do crime(Ikerd, 2010).The scenario provide us with an opportunity to probe some questions why are the people of Gotham urban center not bothered with prostitution in the area? Why do the residences indulge in prostitution? What are the factors that make prostitution easy? After answering the questions, clear and well planned rule can be employed in hold the act. Some specific methods like using informants, entangle of the area, saturation patrol, profile interview, operation indent and installing visible cameras can help in curbing the act.These are secondary methods, and the primary method is the best. It involves gathering intelligence unto why the community members indulge in the practice, then that the primary drive is handled. The local busine ss people should be kept in judgement while handling this matter, because some may argue that prostitution is what is making them have customers, and perhaps that is the land people of Gotham are not concerned with prostitution. In conclusion there must be original analysis to help in managing crime without infringing with anyones

Community Preparedness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Community eagerness - Essay ExampleAs the study outlines EMI is resourceful in terms of preparing the knowledge of a mortal with regards to disaster. In this respect, it teaches one on the readiness strategies which are common in all disasters. It informs a person on various hazards and emergencies which may affect a society. One tidy sum learn of the various hazards that may strike the corporation. This also accommodates the risks that are associated with these hazards. EMI also has information of the modalities that should be followed as plans for warning and evacuation. Through this resource, a student can acquire adept knowledge on classification of various hazards. The natural hazards include hurricanes, floods, tornadoes, thunderstorms and lightning, winter storms and extreme cold, earthquakes and volcanoes, tsunamis, wild fires among others. The technological disasters that a community may encounter include nuclear power plants and hazardous materials. The terrorism a ssociated disasters include explosions, chemical threats, biological threats and nuclear blasts. EMI also has information on how to obtain spatial distribution of these disasters. This is by employment of hazard maps. EMI also imparts knowledge pertaining to warning systems and signals that the community should employ in cases of disaster incidences. A student can learn on the various methods that can be employed in warning the community about potential disasters. EMI also offers information pertaining to the methods of community evacuation in cases of disaster. It gives evacuation guidelines that are imperative to a community. It has information on the transportation arrangements and take to the woods routes and what to do when evacuating. Through EMI, one can learn of the importance of emergency plans for various institutions in preparedness for disasters. One can also learn of the various water conservation tips.

Perception of an Object Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Perception of an Object - Essay Example thereof, whatever we do, it is based on reasoning or motivating forces that influence our thinking process and the way we think.Although we react as per the perception of the event, it is evenly true that our reactions ar also influenced by the manipulations of the information that are retained in the memory of the brain. few of the forces that might determine our form of thinking may include gender, ethnicity, scientific background, official compulsions or socio-economic parameters. Hence our judgment of events is largely dependent on the memory that stores information about that event. As a student, we are often faced with situations that are often interpreted in polar ways by different people including my friends, teachers, relatives etc.In one of the school trips, Danny, despite being the brightest students in our class, refused to go. Everyone was pretty turbulent and little upset also because Danny was not only the brightest in the class, he was also a capacious fun. Since the examinations were also around the corner, everyone concluded that he did not want to waste time but would sooner use the time to study. As I later found out, everybody was wrong Danny very much cherished to go but he was not able to go because his parents were getting a divorce and he was heartbroken. I was only able to find out because when I accused him of being selfish, the whole function came out. He had confided only because I was his good friend so I had to keep silent sequence my friends absence was made a subject of ridicule. It was a lesson in perception. What is perceived to be an easy explanation of events often has a deeper meaning which can only be understood by rationalizing the actions of other people? Indeed, we need to rationalize other peoples action and try to air at the events from their perspectives. Why the person acted the way he did.

Propaganda Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Propaganda - Essay ExampleThis is because it has a personal manner of distorting truths.The media helps in spreading propaganda to reach a wide target audience. The intention of the conveyer of the mental object is usually to create an understanding that is different from the peoples be take a breatherf. For instance, a leader can use propaganda to diffuse hate in communities. The leader can mislead the masses by giving them false instruction concerning the ongoing in the government. Interestingly, propaganda contains some element of truth as indicated by Jowett, Garth & Victoria (289). However, propagandist coats the lie with facts to deceive the audiences. Sometimes people who spread propaganda base their nurture on rumors in most circumstances. In addition, there are occasions when individuals spread propaganda unknowingly.Authorities use propaganda in justifying certain behaviors in the society. This path of communication during the holocaust period appeared to support the heinous acts perpetrated by the supporters of the Nazi movement in Germany. Besides, I have come to realize that the use of propaganda can be beneficial of the society. For instance, campaigns to sensitize individuals in the federation can take the form of propaganda. Consequently, the government can use it to eliminate fears among the masses by providing information concerning certain events in the society. There are times in which propaganda fails to reach its target audience. For example, the opponents of the ideology capability receive propaganda aimed at convincing the supporters of a given ideology positively (Jowett, Garth & Victoria 307). Moreover, propaganda creates confusion when the message conveyed to the audience is incomplete. As such, it has contributed to rise of conflicts in the societies.The use of propaganda is not a new concept in the society. Records indicate that civilizations used it in communication during the 15th century. It began as a

Conference Project Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Conference aim Plan - Essay Exampleand that is only possible when people are abreast to the current and emerging trends in the profession through themed conferences and induction workshops.The conference go away also provide a weapons platform for comparing notes and mentoring. Continued fruitful engagements and consultation will be made possible by exchanging reach out cards. Being a milestone conference, a lot of activities will be executed in the training process to warrant that the conference is a success. A team has been assembled to oversee the mean process, and duties have been assigned. The planning has activities such as publicity, correspondences, reservations, logistics and more. Division of roles will run across that each planning activity is given the maximum concentration it requires, and, therefore, that each activity is a success.The risks listed above have been identified as the most grievous and their occurrence may affect the success of the conference in the most negative of ways. Take for guinea pig absentee guests. The planning team has identified five key speakers to grace the conference, two being foreigners from Kuwait and China. every(prenominal) these guests have different presentations to make, and should any one of them be absent for whatever reason, a gap will result that would be difficult to fill. The planning team has created communication channels with those the important guests of the day to ensure that they communicate their belike absence in good time to enable the conference planning team to get a replacement. Another option is for the speaker to send someone to stand in for them, and adequately make up for their absence. The latter option will be the most workable because it will ensure that not many adjustments are made to accommodate a different person.Over-attendance is another risk that is likely to occur, though a positive one. The conference planning team plans to send invites to about 100 persons, 80% o f whom are projected to attend. There is, however, a risk associated with

Dreamliner 787 Case Essay Example for Free

Dreamliner 787 Case EssayTara Lentini Week 3 Case appellative Boeing Dreamliner 787 talk over the nature of the market structure and demand for the Dreamliner. What atomic number 18 the implications for Boeing and its customers? The market structure for the Dreamliner is that of an oligopolistic nature which mean there ar few aircraft manufactures who sell large quantities to its buyers. With Boeings biggest competitor Airbus unable to compete with the Dreamliner product, Boeing has the chance to compress over the market for commercial aircraft.The demand for the Dreamliner is derived demand. Due to customer demand for comfortable fair priced airline business business travel, the demand for the Dreamliner leave behinding increase. Customers demand comfort during air travel and the Boeing Airliner promises added luxuries that allow increase customer purchases to those airlines with a Dreamliner aircraft. The chief project manager for the Boeing, Tim Cogan stated, Its n ot Just an evolutionary step it b effectlinesss on revolutionary. This statement is support by galore(postnominal) industry insiders. Kotler Armstrong, 2010, p188) With such support, the emotions of the airline companies umped at the chance to place an order withal with the understanding that the estimated term for delivery was at least 4 years and there was little research to support some of the added luxury amenities. What examples of the major types of buy situations do you see in the case? establish the implications of each in terms of marketing strategy? A new-task purchase is seen with the Dreamliner due to the fact that it is a new product being sold by Boeing.The buying team is comprised of numerous members and the team must break up on specifications regarding the product. The marketer (Boeing) tries to reach as galore(postnominal) key buying influences as possible alone also provides help and tellation. (Kotler Armstrong, 2010, pl 73) The amenities of the Dreamliner exit assist the buying team in make a decision whether or not the Dreamliner would be a smashing investment for the company and if so, how many to order. A straight rebuy is also seen in this case.Boeing listed the airliner at a price of $162 million with few customizable options for its buyers. (i. e. lay arrangements). Many aircraft buyers may expect already been customers f Boeing and atomic number 18 familiar with their business. A straight rebuy is delimitate by Kotler and Armstrong as the buyer reorders something without any modifications. Once the buyer purchases the aircraft the straight rebuy buying situation pass on result in a quicker sale with fewer individuals making a decision on options and product specifications.List the specific features of the Dreamliner. What customer benefits result from each? PASSENGER BENEFITS 60% quieter than other planes in its class It is always nice to sleep on a plane however, when seated near the engine it is serious to rest due to the noise. Many corporate travelers volition enjoy this benefit with the late and first morning travel legs. With the added legroom there will no longer be a need to specifically sit in the isle and more options that will equal the comfort of isle seats will come available.Lighting that automatically adjusts to succession zone shifts Changing time zones can be difficult for anyone Circadian rhythms, which are the internal clock we all have which tells us when we it is time for bed and when it is time to rise. These clocks are not easily adjusted when changing time zones. The Dreamliner will posse ignitor that imulates sunrise and twilight which will assist its passengers adjust to the change in time zones. (Micke, 2010) Higher cabin pressure and humidity reducing common flying symptoms such as headaches, dry mouth, and fatigue.All of these symptoms are not what close passengers look forward to knowing the Dreamliner decreases these symptoms will make it a f avored aircraft for many passengers. Large overhead storage bins It is always daunting not knowing if your carry on will fit into the overhead storage bins. We have all witnessed a passenger beating their luggage esperately hoping it will pop in before the flight attendant comes by to take it to be stored in the freight area. 19 inch self-dimming windows This is a wonderful feature for those who prefer a window seat but have to fght the sunlight to enjoy their flight.Wireless internet and entertainment system many travelers use the internet to stay connected while away. This option will give business travelers the ability to complete business while on the road. Time sensitive information can be conducted in-flight and travel will no longer be a burden for business travelers. The non-business travel can stay connected with family and friends to inform of flight status and arrival time. Also, wireless access will assist the passenger with passing the time during air travel. AIRCR AFT BUYER BENEFITS For the buyer of a Dreamliner Aircraft, the marketing aspect will be a breeze.Passengers are always looking for comfort when flying and this aircraft offers many luxury amenities. Airlines with a Dreamliner in their roster will have the ability to sell luxury air travel to its passengers without the luxury cost. The Dreamliner will offer a ighter aircraft resulting in less fuel needed for flights. This aircraft could replace outdated aircrafts that are no longer economically fit. The 787 will expand non-stop markets for its customers with a fuel range of 8,500 nautical miles and a maximum speed of Mach . 5. (Kotler Armstrong, 2010, p187) Also, the Dreamliner offers passenger capacity of 210 to 330 depending on sit arrangement ordered by the customer. With multiple configurations, the buyer of the aircraft has the option to decide what seating confguration would best meet their airline needs. For example, Southwest Airline only offers economy class, so they woul d order a Jetliner with one type of seating confguration. There is no need for Southwest to order a Jetliner with first or business class on a Dreamliner.Other airlines may find it needful to order multiple aircrafts with different seating arrangement to best meet its marketing and customer needs. Discuss the customer buying exhibit for a Boeing airplane. In what major ways does this process differ from the buying process a passenger might go through in choosing an airline? The buying process for an airline placing an order or a Dreamliner would first have to recognize a need for a new aircraft offering the retire due to age may look at the Dreamliner as good solution to add new innovative products to their fleet.Next the buyer would have to recognize the general specifications and measurement needed of an item. Here a buyer of the aircraft would consult engineers and technical personnel to discuss the options available on the Dreamliner Aircraft. For example, the technical staff should be consulted regarding the wireless entertainment system on a Dreamliner. The control tug may need odifications to look into interference will not be an issue with this type of system. convergence specifications needed to meet the airlines customer and marketing needs would have to be listed.In this process, the team decides on the best product characteristics and specifies them accordingly. (Kotler Armstrong, 2010, p177) As for the Dreamliner, the airline would specify the seat options available. For example, Southwest Airlines only offers economy seating for their passengers. If Southwest chooses to purchase a Dreamliner, they would specify one seating option or their aircraft. Once the order is placed for a Dreamliner, the buyer should conduct a performance review to ensure the product will be delivered on time and to ensure they are aware of any problems that may arise.At this tip of the buying process the buyer assesses the performance of the supplier and decides to continue, modify, or drop the arrangement. (Kotler Armstrong, 2010, p179) Most passengers choosing an airline are looking for the least expensive direct flight to their destination. The buying process for an airline ticket for a few hundred dollars is ess complex than that of purchasing an aircraft for over one hundred million dollars. Many travelers have a preferred airline and do not shop around for deals.They use the preferred airline and earn air miles towards free flights. As for me, I do not have a preferred airline, however I do enjoy Southwest because of first come first serve seating. Yet, most travelers will look at price first, direct flight possibilities, and airport location before appointment a flight. There is little thought that goes into aircraft options when a ticket is purchased. What marketing recommendations would you make to McNerney as he continues to try to resolve the problems with the 787 Dreamliner program?McNerney needs to stay fully involved in the operations of the Dreamliner to ensure all suppliers and manufactures are completing production on time. Performance reviews of the suppliers must be taken in earnest and the decision to drop or modify the arrangement must be made in a timely fashion. With 70 percent of the work being outsourced to dozens of partnering firms, he cannot be blinded by incomplete or inaccurate production. The longer it takes to assess the supplier performance the longer the delay in production and delivery will be for the Dreamliner.

Domestic violence Essay Example for Free

domestic ferocity Essay municipal violence is a term that female genital organ be easily defined as violence within the nominate between the partners. To have a domestic violence case, it does not need to be physical it dope be emotional. According to the domestic violence organization (2009), domestic violence is defined as Domestic violence and emotional hatred be behaviors used by genius person in a relationship to control the other. Partners whitethorn be married or not married heterosexual, gay, or homosexual living together, separated or dating. Which mean domestic violence can cultivate house in any household it is not just a particular people that it put acrosss to? It besides does not national the head for the hills or ethnic background. Domestic violence is not only words or both(prenominal)thing that one says to one another or physical contact, according to Mass organization (2013) domestic violence is Domestic violence is defined as a pattern of coe rcive and controlling behaviors and tactics used by one person over another to gain power and control. This may include verbal abuse, monetary abuse, emotional, sexual, and physical abuse.Domestic violence occurs in heterosexual, as well as same-sex partnerships, and crosses all ethnic, racial and socio-economic lines. Although the studies of domestic violence atomic number 18 somewhat different, they give the same pillow slips as to what is considered violence between domestic partners. For example name-calling or putdowns, keeping a partner from contacting their family or superstars, withholding money, stopping a partner from acquiring or keeping a job, actual or threatened physical harm, sexual assault, stalking, intimidation.Furthermore one may not even notice that in that respect was violence until thither is a threat or physical harm due to the fact that so opusy individuals are not educated or so what abuse truly is and the proper steps to take in order to prevent abu se or prevent themselves from acquiring abuse. Many individuals attempts to fix their relationship by going to a counselor, which is a favourable step however it maybe something that they witness growing up therefore a counselor can only do so much for them.There are many different effects that could happen in the animateness of a child who is raised in an opprobrious home. For example, if the child being raised in the abusive home is a male, he is more similarly to befit an abuser for he may believe that it is okay to speak to anyone that dash precisely women, on the other hand he maybe the type to defend his mother because he may have a different mindset and believes thathis mother shouldnt be treated that focusing and become really sensitive to other women because of the way his mother was treated. The other ways that this could impact the child is if that child is a woman, she may become paranoiac of the opposite sex for she may believe that, the way her father as talki ng to her mother is the way that every man entrust be talking to her. On the other hand, she may become amenable if her mother was always submissive to her father through the abuse that she was receiving.Nevertheless she may alike bust a low self-esteem believing that she was is worth much less than she does. According to the crisis center, some of the prognostic that one may notice or hear from a child who is raised in an abusive home is they may feel a complete self-powerlessness because they are unable to do anything to the f remedyening noises, threats that they project or hear. They may also experience a terrifying storm of angry energy almost them during abuse.They may experience emotional abandonment, develop low self-esteem as mentioned before, behavioral problems, problems with anger, feels isolated, take on adult roles prematurely, experience depression and flashbacks. When all of these issues combine, we have a child who is not fully clubby and has many different issues that may prevent him from having a relationship or colloquy to anyone whether it is a friend or a family member because they may believe that the person whom they are talking with may also abuse them.Often times they would be sensitive to certain impact. For example, if a person starts a conversation and it starts to get loud it may escalate to something much bigger than what it could be. In the United States, one may believe that abuse occurs more than other countries because in certain countries, abuse is not legal or some women will certainly not put with the issues. Often time it may result in fights or serious issues where one of the individuals has to live the house where they used to live. The different types of abuse that takes place rival a child differently.A great example that shows how a child might be touch on badly by domestic violence is one of my close friends Ashley, spell growing up Ashley would operate both parents fighting and the fighting would be so bad to the point where her mom would not be able to sleep in the house after the situation occurred because the dad would threating her mom that if she sleep in the house he would kill her. Because of seeing this so much Ashley developed anger towards her father and the passion that she once had for her father was long gone.Now Ashley is much older and she would tell he how the relationship that she is shortly in would be affected because of the way she grow up seeing her parents fighting. In her current relationship, if her fella would talk to her the premature way or if he would treat her in a way that she did not like she would develop anger that she would hit him and thence(prenominal) they would start fighting. however though she knew that this was not right she did not feel any remorse because to her that was the only way to release her anger and also she had become accustom to seeing her father do that to her mom so to her it is not all that bad.This example shows how a child that is around domestic violence may display violence against their partner when they are of age. individually finish has its own view on the correct way to raise a child. Some culture believes that a child should not be able to work or have any responsibility, while there are other culture that believe that a child should have responsibility because that will be the best way for the child to grow up and not be dependable on no one and would be able to care for themselves when they become of age. No matter what culture, ethnicity or race one might be everyone is able to be a victim of domestic violence.In some culture for example Jamaica domestic violence is not accepted but it is not looked upon as a very bad thing where as the United States perception on domestic violence as a dread(prenominal) topic. While growing up in Jamaica I saw a serve of checkmate fighting, but a lot times the male partner is the abuser. While this is going on there are people in that area trying to stop him but was un winning in doing so. Even though domestic violence is not looked upon as ok, it is not a crime that is so horrendous that the guard will be involved. The only way the police would intervene is if a death occurred and then an arrest would be made.While in the United States if a domestic violence is taking place then the police would be notified. Depending on the severe ness of the case an arrest would be made. If the couple is only arguing or they became physical but no physical injury is noticed the police would ask one of the individual to leave the premises and cool off. This period is known as the temperature reduction off period and often times does not always work and if the violence happens again then one of the individual involved or even both will be arrested. This is just deuce of many cultures that have different views on domestic violence.The United States is a diverse country, and even here most people based the life on their culture. In so me culture a man is allowed to have more than one wife and the amount of money he has would determine the amount of wife he was allowed to have. In this culture the male is also looked on as the dominant one in the household and because of this he is able to do as he please with any of his wife with let out getting into any trouble. No matter what culture you are domestic violence is something that should not be tolerated no matter how much money one has or even their statue in life.Due to the fact that a distribute of people are not aware of domestic violence and the signs to look out for when abuse is about to take place they dont protect themselves and allow the abuse to take place. No matter what culture you are the main reason for domestic violence is power and control. According to life wire, different types of control in an abusive relationship are Threatening to report their partner or threatening to withdraw a petition to legalize their partners immigration status or thre atening to look sole custody of any children if their partner reports the abuse or attempts to leave.In many cases children of different cultures that were victim of domestic violence grow up and abuse drugs and alcohol. To them they feel that all they saw growing up were their parents fighting or their dad abusing their mom or even the other way around, so why try and make something of them in the future if they will only become just like their parents. Children like this need close supervision and also need to be shown love on a chance(a) basis so they wont think about suicide or committing crime in the future.Some sociological consequences are, the immediate emotional effects of abuse and neglect, isolation, fear, and an inability to trust can try into lifelong consequences, including low self-esteem, depression, and relationship difficulties. There are other children that see their family member fight often and tell themselves that they will not be the same as their parents or family member. Children like these often are very dedicated to anything that they set their mind to and often accomplished their goal and become every successful in the future.They are also likely to treat their children with the utmost respect and show a lot of love for them because they do not want them to go through the same thing they went through. In cerebrate children are affected by domestic violence just as badly as the parents and often times even worse than their parents. Child abuse main role is power and control because they are children they are looked upon as helpless and defenseless and are more prone to become a victim of child abuse.No matter what culture you are domestic violence is still considered as wrong and should not be tolerated. Knowing the signs of domestic violence will help prevent it from happening and also will help you protect yourself if it occurring and also make u aware of the steps that you can take to get justice for yourself. Nevertheless, o ne must always take into consideration that some child turns out to be sensitive towards others after witnessing abuse in the family and other turns out to be abusers. In rise to power male children are affected differently than female children.

Department Stores Essay Example for Free

Department Stores EssayNundies a unique brand of stockings introduced to the market f both 2006. The degree to be sold at womens boutique and specialty shops as well as 10 Neiman Marcus surgical incision stores throughout 40 states. Management problem did not seem to be the distribution of the new item in which they shipped out 11, 383 units of Nundies to stores through December 2007 and sold 2007 units online. A unit of Nundies consisted of a package of 5 liners. Nudies is a single use disposable panty that sticks to the inseam of charrs pants, leggings, athletic don, shorts, and jeans. Management seemed to have a tight time trying to figure out the rightfulness strategy to use in an effort to add-on the overall repurchase order rate in order to increase the participation objective of gross revenue and profits for the 2008 fiscal year. As a note there are separate areas that present a problem for the come with as well. A.) repurchasing orders are not meeting the goals se t, B.) The company also noticed that reorders were and about 10% of the total units sold, C) The online purchases were viewed as a positive, however it was not used frequent abundant to measure reorder, D.)One big issue was the amount of panty liners per package, E) The staff at the retail strores melodic theme that Nundies would sell themselves. This was a clear example of communication breakdown. E) To add to the communication issue the sales military group were not trained to educate the consumer about the ingathering or to even suggest trying the product. F) The other issue that seem to be of big concern was that the displays were getting lost in the stock rooms.Jones 2FactNundies generated 60% of sales from their largest customer which was Nieman Marcus however low re-order. The company first focus on its marketing concept How they were going to deliver the new product from its current product lines. The unique conceit of required development capabilities into consumer g round solutions primarily medical markets and the use of the item for one single use. The product greet per item was .60, One package of panty liners was set at 5per package at $15. The address to make the plasticcontainer was roughly 0.45 cents.In 2006 Nundies began to run ads in magazines, they distributed throughout New York city based retail buyers, and promotions with gift bags for women for celebrity events. In 2007 the distribution coverage among customers in boutiques and showrooms set up by manufacturer agents organization with product information. The company decided to provide a commission to the sales hatful at 12% on the wholesale price with a stripped-down order of 36 packages. The company spent $800,000 on media and print ads and online sales accounted for 385 units wich is roughly around $4275, and store purchases resulted in a minimum of 252 with net profit equaling 850,000.Alternative Courses of ActionNundies can continue to be developed for the womens wear and specialty stores. The advantage for the company is cost at 14-400 the disadvantage is there was no buy in to keep the reliance on manufacturers agent organization to recruit stores through store show rooms. A second preference would be to pursue upscale stores accounts, by doing this the company can market via ads, evince of sales display and ad plans could be presented, the ability to produce and deliver product in the right quantity and document it. Centralize 300 stores and de concentrate 350 stores. The disadvantage is that all the stores would have different merchandise buying practicesJones 3as well as line fees, warehouse fees, settlement fees, catalogue fees, joint ad allowance ( fees are based on annual sales with estimated cost of 35k to 55k). Option 3 mid(prenominal) level department stores I believe a positive would be centralized (1,793), equal costs per size as the 5 upscale department stores. The disadvantage would be to lower the cost via different brand names and packaging (7 per pkg with paper packaging), different price 8 for $10. The fourth alternative positive would be to using different channels by which could be a positive if the company maintains the ability to produce and deliver product in the right quantity and documented also centralize all sales across the board.The companys target group resulted in woman from 15-60 with an reasonableincome of 25 or more 6% of 18 year old woman surveyed ( 18-45) 84% of woman are interested. 81% yes to products that provide hygiene and benefits of a panty 36% yes to no panty lines and hygiene, 29% will use the item 2-3 times a week, while 35% 3 to 5 times, 19% would likely use the product 6 times a week 17% occasionally. The variances were really shifting when examining where would one likely shop the Nundies of those polled the stats were 38% would shop at an upscale store 49% Mid level department store, 64% Mass department stores and 28% specialty store and 41% online. This all said I trul y believe price does matter and the Nundies would likely see more re-orders if they would undertake a lower price point or increase the quantity per package. The other target is that Nundies as I see it would likely work well in the fitness stores.

Guidelines for Writing the Three Major Parts of the Literature Review Essay Example for Free

Guidelines for Writing the Three Major Parts of the literary works refreshen bear witnessThe introductory percentage should line the issue (problem theater of operations, guiding concept, theme or look into question or problem) that is being critiqueed. Aim for an eye catching opening denounce. Sometimes this is a dramatic rumination of a number to catch the readers attention much(prenominal) as the prevalence of a disease, crime rate, school drop out rate, or sales volume. Be sure the topic is rivet on the writings that get out be reported. Briefly regulate the headstone concepts. Introduce these flat.The topic should be sufficiently educationed to permit an in-depth, substantial investigation, relevant to an argona of advanced rent/global lead that guides a range of inquiry, results in an extensive bet of bookish literary productions, and generation of questions for further inquiry. The purpose of a books review is indicateed in the asylum. Bour ner (1996) reports the following(a) functions of a books review (reasons for a review of the writings) in the first place embarking on a look for project.These reasons imply to mark gaps in the writings to avoid reinventing the wheel (at the genuinely least this pull up stakes save time and it can stop you from making the same mistakes as others) to direct on from where others put up already r individuallyed (reviewing the reach allows you to build on the platform of existing neckledge and ideas) to post other people tempting in the same fields (a researcher net call on is a of import resource) to increase your breadth of knowledge of your subject bea to identify seminal works in your argona to provide the intellectual con text edition for your own work, enabling you to position your project relative to other work to identify opposing views to put your work into perspective to demonstrate that you can access previous work in an argona to identify infor mation and ideas that may be relevant to your project to identify methods that could be relevant to your project Bourner, T. (1996). The research process Four steps to success in T. Greenfield (Ed. ), Research methods centering for postgraduates (pp. 7-11). London Arnold. Retrieved 8-13-02 from Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology RMIT University http//www. lib. rmit. edu. au/tutorials/literature/litrev.html As you set out to define concepts (variables) and their relationships to other variables, if applicable, identify causal (in parasitic) variables and rigs (dependent variables). You may also identify other variables that can be contextual, intervening, or mediating (see Creswell, pp. 94-95 or other texts). After you introduce the topic ara properly (instructions follow), you will ramp up a succinct one-sentence purpose of the review. Three lessons of a concluding purpose statement in the overview areExample 1 The purpose of this review is to over life-sustainingly ana lyze the theoretical and empirical literature on web-based instruction as an instructional method in infinite education, with an emphasis on effectiveness studies that focus on instructional effectiveness, scholar disciplineing outcomes, retention, student perceptions of this method of course delivery, and to identify areas of early academic inquiry. In this example, the causal variable (independent) is instructional method of web-based instruction and the effects (dependent variable) are instructional effectiveness, student learning outcomes, retention, and student perceptions.Example 2 The purpose of this critical analysis of theoretical and empirical literature is to (a) examine historical and current literature to evaluate whether gender workplace bias exists (b) seek the take upake such a bias would put one over on women in the workplace, specifically women moving up the unified ladder and, (c) identify any theoretical or empirical gaps in the literature for the purpos e of suggesting future areas of studious inquiry. In this example, the causal variable (independent) is gender bias against women in the workplace and the effect (dependent variable) is mobility up the corporate ladder.Example 3 ( retrospect carefully) The purpose of this critical analysis of theoretical and empirical literature is explore the influence of organizational leadership and other factors on organizational slaying, in for-profit and non-for profit service organizations, and to identify areas of future scholarly inquiry. In this example, the causal variables (independent) are organizational leadership and other factors, contextual (intervening or mediating) variables are the instance of organization (product versus service) and profit/non-profit, and the effect (dependent variable) is organizational performance.Please none in create your purpose statement, that the purpose statement begins with The purpose of . and concludes with a statement link to identifying futu re areas of scholarly inquiry. 9 Instructions Writing An Overview and innovation (Follow precisely) * look back Blackboard fabrication 5. Use your information and faculty comments for strengthening, as a guide to develop your Overview and Purpose (see items 1-9 below). *Draft 1 is due Week 3. Review Forum 6. You will get a great start if you develop this well. 1. Using the template a.Develop a preliminary title for the Review and accept on the title page. The title should include the important concepts and themes (and/or notice theories) for this review. cerebrate this is a critical analysis of the literature non a research meditate In no area of this paper, should you refer to this Review of literature as a research study b. For the Introduction to the lit, insert a brief subtitle preceding the colon for the level heading ___ Overview and Purpose. 2. beneath the Overview and Purpose, introduce the paper with an eye catching opening sentence for the first paragraph. 3.Afte r the eye catching opening sentence, briefly describe the topic (problem area, guiding concept, theme). Get to the point dont allow the reader guess what the review is about a few sentences. 4. Next include brief definitions of each of the major concepts and cite references for these definitions in appropriate APA format. BE BRIEF this is not the literature scarce an introduction to it Anything you present in the introduction is developed in depth in the Review of the Literature. 5. Next, very briefly, attempt to identify how the literature explains these variables and their relationships to other variables.Include as some a(prenominal) as possible variables because this will answer in constructing a literature defend. The act will show relationships among the variables as you describe here. bulge out with the following The causal variables (independent are) The effects (dependent/outcome variables are Contextual (intervening or mediating) variables that further impact the dependent or outcome variables are . 6. Discuss how the topic area was identified and your reasons (point of view) for selecting the topic area to dispense your critical analysis of the literature.Review the Guidelines How to Start Select a Topic and Overview and Purpose, including purposes identified by Bourner (1996). let with the following The topic area of ____ was selected because___. 7. Explain what you motivation to know about the topic. Review Hart, 1999, p. 14 (Questions the Review Can Answer). Begin with the following Some questions to be answered through this critical analysis of the literature are 8. Answer the following Is the topic about the problems in a discipline or field of study, the processes in a discipline or field of study, or the practices in a discipline or field of study?Processes can refer to various epistemologic processes to develop knowledge (also See Hart, 1999, p. 14). Introduce this clearly so the reader knows what you are speaking about. Be gin with the following The problem area of is about 9. Conclude the Overview and Purpose with a clearly formulated statement of purpose of the literature review. Use the examples in the guidelines, as a guide to develop this. tie this clear (see examples in the previous lecture note).Begin with the following and include the ending The purpose of this .., and to identify areas of future scholarly inquiry. fundamental law of the Review, Scope, and program library Research Plan Organization of the Review Lecture Collect appropriate articles, read critically, identify concepts, theories, and themes, and think about the best focus to present your topic. Write these concepts, theories, and themes down (see your Blackboard forum 5 submission and instructor response. Develop a Literature occasion. This is a Content Map ( judgment Map or Mind Map) All students will allow a literature map that will guide the organization of the review and literature search.Build (draw) a opthalmic pic ture of the concepts and their relationships, which results in a literature map. These evolve from your topic, key concepts, ideas, theme, and/or purpose. Dont introduce untried information or concepts. It should first be introduced in the overview. The literature map is presented in-depth here. thither are many methods to organize the review, which often transmute as you learn more about the topic. Concept Mapping Representing information in diagram form where key wrangling are linked by lines. These lines are then labeled to express the relationship between the terms.The resulting map shows links between key ideas and can then be read through to clarify relationships between key terms. a. Definition and Purpose of a Literature Map. This map is a visual/graphic representation of concepts, ideas, and themes that serve to guide thinking. In this case, the purpose is to guide the search and organizational presentation of your review. This map serves to i. Develop ideas for your re view ii. Show relationships and interrelationships between the concepts, theories, and themes and if so, what type of relationships iii.Assist in organizing old knowledge and integrating it with peeled knowledge iv. Guide your literature search plan/ schema v. send subtitles (subheadings) to organize your literature review so that you can elapse your ideas systematically. vi. A literature/content map is a creative, intuitive, and artistic endeavor to see how things fit to suffer alternatives. It is also analytical and critical, based on what you are finding in the literature. REVIEW THESE LINKS A simplified explanation of understanding of a Content map is described in the following uniform resource locator web link http//users.edte. utwente. nl/lanzing/cm_home. htm b.Various types of Graphic or Visual Organizers (review this online. Click each box) (you need to have the syllabus downloaded and Internet connection on) Chain of Events Clustering Compare/Contrast Continuum Cy cle Family Tree Fishbone interaction Outline Problem/Solution Spider Storyboard Venn Diagram Source http//www. sdcoe. k12. ca. us/score/actbank/sorganiz. htm Other web sites Graphic or Visual Organizers Graphic or Visual Organizers A good site review this online by clicking link. http//edservices. aea7.k12. ia. us/edtech/classroom/workshops/organizers. html http//www. cast. org/ncac/index. cfm? i=3015 http//www. veale. com. au/phd/files/Lit_Map. pdf Some diagrams of content maps are render in the following URL web link http//trochim. human. cornell. edu/research/epp2/epp2. htmTable1 Free Mind Mapping software (Smart Draw) http//www. smartdraw. com/specials/mindmapping. asp? id=13054 Readings on Mapping Ideas See Hart, 1999, pp. 142-162 Blackboards Assignments Toolbar See example of literature maps in Assignments Weeks 1-8 Literature Review (Critical Analysis) 50%.Within this folder is information on PowerPoint Presentation and Student Examples. most of the student examples i nclude literature maps for RES 702 (RES600) students. Organizing the review of the literature by themes, theories, or major concepts and related concepts provides a frame for the central topic to organize. In this case, you may proceed inductively or deductively. http//trochim. human. cornell. edu/kb/dedind. htm use in Deductive/Inductive thinking http//www2. sjsu. edu/depts/itl/graphics/induc/ind-ded. html3bFor example, a deductive approach cleverness start with the broader view or concept(s) then move to the specific topic area. Example FOLLOWS A literature map (Figure 1) is apply to guide the subroutine library search for theoretical and empirical literature about distance learning. The map shows a deductive pattern of the major themes, using an interaction line style type of graphic organizer. Beginning with the broadest concept of distance education, web-based instruction interacts with student characteristics, which leads to evaluation of effectiveness of web-based instruct ion in distance education.. . . Other concepts and their relationships to guide the review are . . . Other Organizational Methodologies for Reviews While RES 702 students are asked to develop literature maps that serve to organize the review, with more scholarly experience and depending upon the topic, you could also present the Review using an opposing view or methodo logical approach. This is not inquireed now. c. The literature map generates an system for the Review of the Literature Review Why do an Outline, and Basic Outlining skills http//www. und. edu/instruct/wstevens/PROPOSALCLASS/PATRAS.html http//www. mnstate. edu/wasson/ed603/ed603lesson5. htm An precis provides a blueprint, skeleton, or a roadmap for the last(a) written review. An outline is an organizational process that is a logical description of the important components of the literature review. It provides a visual and conceptual design for writing. 1. Identify the main points in the order they should be presen ted. 2. Differentiate each main heading into logical subheadings. 3. Use further subdivisions if necessary. IT IS strongly SUGGESTED THAT YOU INCLUDE A SECTION ON MEASUREMENT OF YOUR MAJOR VARIABLES.REPORT SOME OF THE MAJOR METHODS, TOOLS, OR INSTRUMENTS THAT HAVE BEEN USED IN PRIOR STUDIES TO MEASURE THE KEY CONCEPTS IN YOUR OUTLINE. Notice in the outline that follows, a sub-level heading is measurement of leadership and organizational performance. In the Review of the Literature section, you would then describe the tools whether qualitative or quantitative, and reliability, validity (quantitative tools), and trustworthiness of qualitative tools. Run a Proquest or Google search such as measurement leadership.This saves you time in the QP and literature in the dissertation where you need to know how your variables have been studied and measured. It is best to have MORE detail in these themes. You can always change later. Example of an Outline (Let us say that the following concepts are present in the literature map which could be Chain of Events, Clustering, or Interaction Outline. This is an example of an outline (quite detailed). It includes the major concepts that can be used for the literature search, and the outline is placed in the 2nd ruin of this Review (Review of the Literature) to organize how to present the literature. leading Classical, Progressive, Risk Leadership Theories Traits and Characteristics of Leaders Leadership, Power and Influence Gender and Equity Issues in Leadership charge Cultural Issues and Leadership Developing team ups Leading Organizational Change Organizational Leadership Development strategic Leadership Leadership Measurement Organizational doing Dimensions of Organizational Performance Organizational Climate several(prenominal) Performance Team Performance Supplier/Vendor Perspectives Customer gratification Financial Performance persuasiveness Indicators Performance Driven Organizations Competency ModelingManaging Perf ormance 360 Degree Feedback Collaborative Change Organizational Performance Measurement Output (Activities) and Outcome (Results) Measures Factors Influencing Organizational Performance Leadership and Performance of Organizations Leadership Style and Team Performance Leadership Style and Organizational Outcomes Leadership Style and Vendor/Supplier and Customer Satisfaction Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Organizational Effectiveness 7 Instructions for Writing the Organization of the Review Do not present literature that you reviewed here. Just respond to questions 1-7.1. After you design the literature map, begin with the statement A literature map (Figure 1) is used to guide the library search for theoretical and empirical literature in this review about ___. 1. Next, describe the specific type of organizer that you used to design your map (for example, cluster, set up of events, cycle, etc). To do this, you need to review this syllabus on line, and click the different URL links of examples of visual or graphic organizers (review preceding lecture which provides several types). 2. Identify the specific the concepts, theories, and themes that are in your literature map. 3.Next, briefly, describe the relationships between these concepts, theories and themes (such as what leads to what? Which are the causal, outcome and/or intervening variables? Are the concepts organised inductively or deductively? This all refers to the concepts, theories, and themes in your literature map. 4. Next explain that in accompaniment to guiding the literature search, the literature map serves to identify themes, theories, and concepts that will organize the Literature Review. Present these theories, concepts, and themes in outline form, differentiating each main heading into logical subheadings. (Keep it simple).5. Due for draft 1, go to the next major section (Review of the Literature) insert these themes/concepts as level headings/sublevel headings in outline form. They serve to organize the Review of the Literature. Use appropriate APA (see p. 113 of APA) level headings. An example using APA level headings, is shown in the next major section of these guidelines. The concepts and themes for the example, uses the outline of themes previously discussed (leadership and organizational performance). 6. inject the Figure 1, Literature Map at the end of this discussion of the Organization of the Review ( onwards Scope and Context).a. Make sure that you develop your literature map in a software application that can be copied and pasted into your Microsoft word document containing your paper. b. Make sure the map is an appropriate size and fits within the required paper margins. c. The Figure and , and Title (Literature Map) belong at the bottom, centered Figure 1 Literature Map Your goal is to have the map well-developed in draft 1 and finalized in (draft 2). It is expected that this map will change as you tighten and organize your lit erature review in the next section as well as well as in your passage paper. ameliorate this part with each new draft (and particularly as your literature map evolves). Scope and Context Lecture This section lets the reader know what is and is not included in your literature review ( background signal). The topic is described in such a way that an appropriate context for the review of the literature is established, in a meaningful, logical way. The key terms here are included/excluded. You can restate the theories, concepts and constructs that you will include and obvious theories, concepts and constructs you wont include ( wait on at your problem and topic area).Identify what might be included in the search in terms of types of organizations (public/private for-profit, not for profit service/product types of businesses, types of educational institutions) populations such as young versus old gender cultural groups countries or type of occupation. The major types of scholarly litera ture to review are empirical studies, review articles (critical analysis), theoretical articles/books, methodological articles, and case studies.These types of literature may be in the form of a book, hard copy journal articles, and electronic journal articles. The following are different types and forms of literature Periodical Abstract in a primary source, Abstract in a secondary winding source, Periodical (hard copy), Periodical (electronic), Non-periodical (Book), Non-periodical (chapter in a book), Proceeding of meetings or symposia, Doctoral Dissertations (including abstracts), Unpublished work, Audio-Visuals, Newspaper, administration documents, and Electronic Media.5 Instructions for Writing the Scope and Context 1. As you write this, discuss what is and is not included. Regarding the topic or problem area, discuss what is and is not included in terms of concepts/theories, applications to different populations and settings. 1. Identify the forms (not types) of publications that are included. You dont need to name specific articles, but identify the forms of literature to be included. 2. Identify the discipline(s) you are focusing in (e. g. , education, health, business, criminal justice, accounting, sociology)?Included specialized areas within these disciplines, such as gender theories in sociology, accounting ethics, special education for specified populations, urban violence, etc. 3. Identify the scope in terms of the years (period of time) that your literature review covers and exclusions. 5. Discuss whether you are limiting your review to U. S. literature, and/or Global literature. For global literature, identify the countries. If seminal books are emphasized, include the titles. Refine this part with each new draft (and particularly as your literature expands).Library Research Plan and Strategy Lecture THIS IS THE PLAN, NOT THE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE The review is presented in the second major section (Review of the Literature) hunt clubing th e Literature A good review of the literature is dependent upon knowledge of the use of indexes and abstracts, the ability to conduct exhaustive bibliographical searches, and ability to organize the collected data meaningfully. Information literacy skills take care with information seeking and retrieval methods and scholarly communication. Recognize scholarly and peer reviewed journals (See Week 1 Lecture).The e-Learning tutorials about Lynn Library can assist research students with the development of literature reviews using electronic databases, abstracts, bibliographic software, Internet searching, Library catalogue searching, subject resources, off-campus searching, and research and writing skills. You need to complete the tutorials. Library Research Plan/Strategy In reporting your library plan/strategy, identify concepts, themes (key words) or descriptors and search the relevant databases for research on your topic. Be tenacious with the Literature map concepts and themes.Foc us your search on primary scholarly works including empirical, theoretical, critical/analytic, or methodological inquiry. Recognize the differences between these types of scholarly inquiry. Review dissertation abstracts. Did you do a Lynn Library catalog search on the topic (at Lynn)? Did you search selected journals? Did you limit the search to peer-review journals? Did you limit the search to certain years? If you are having difficulty in your library search, you may mould an appointment with the Reference Librarian who may assist in building effective search strategies.When visiting the Library, you should come prepared with your search words. Requesting Materials It is suggested that you read the abstracts before requesting the materials from the Librarian, because certain abstracts may provide enough information to help you make a decision on the materials relevance. Expect that you will obtain more literature than you will need to include in your literature review. Quantity, however, is not as important as selecting appropriate literature, that is of value and relevant.While many published review articles may have more than 100 cited references, due to time constraints in the course, the antepast is a nominal of 20 relevant, scholarly point of references in the text of your paper. Do not go overboard. Quality and relevance is what counts. Dont use references from consulting firms or firms that are promoting their products or services. Look for scholarly publications. Types and Forms of Literature Minimum Requirements i. The preference is that you review a variety of types and forms of literature so that you many learn to ii.Search for and evaluate different types and forms information iii. Integrate a variety of types information in the text of your paper iv. Recognize classic (seminal) works as well as current literature portray yourself time to read the material do not make a library request for everything at once. Readings Search Strategy workshe et http//library. humboldt. edu/infoservices/sstrawrksht. htm http//www. noodletools. com/debbie/literacies/information/5locate/adviceengine. html http//www. lynn. edu/clientuploads/Library/Graduatestudentsmanual. doc11 Instructions for Writing the Library Research Plan and Strategy In a Review, a discussion of the plan or strategy you used to develop your literature search is presented. Dont discuss what you will do, but quite a what you did. 1. Identify the descriptors (concepts, themes, theories, phrases/key words) used to search the relevant databases for research on your topic. Include themes or groups of words used in the search plan. Add the terms theory or research to your themes when you are searching. You should uses many themes to limit the search.Example of a theme for a library search leadership organizational performance research. Try to include several themes. 2. Report databases used in your library search. 3. mention which of the following types of primary scholar ly works were reviewed empirical, theoretical, critical/analytic, or methodological inquiry (aim to obtain all of these)? 4. Were secondary citations of references used in your paper? Explain Why? Review APA p. 247 to understand a secondary citation of a source. Remember that these need to be limit. In your dissertation, you need to mostly use primary sources of literature.Remember that if you report literature from secondary sources in your paper use (as cited in __). 5. Explain if you reviewed dissertation abstracts (yes/no). If so, on what topics, which abstracts? You should use these. 6. Explain if you did a Library catalog search on the topic (at Lynn or where? ) Yes/ or no 7. Provide the titles of the key journals reviewed. (Put these titles in Italics). 8. Indicated whether or not you limited the search to peer-reviewed journals? 9. Indicate if you limited the search to certain years? If so, which years? 10. Refer the reader to the example of a library Search Print-out that you will place in Appendix A.11. Report any problems encountered in your library search and how these problems were managed. Refine this part with each new draft. Interest, Significance, and Rationale for the Critical Analysis Lecture In this last part of the introduction to the literature review, you explain the importance and significance of the Review that will follow. As you read more, you will find more rationale as to why this review is important. Provide a transition sentence from this Introduction to the Review of the Literature. Then end with a statement that explains how the Review will conclude in the Discussion section.Example of concluding statement As an emerging method of instructional delivery in higher education, and one that continually evolves with the growth in technology, it is important to understand its impact on learning, retention, instruction, and students. This critical analysis of the literature concludes with a summary and interpretation of theoretical, empirical, and methodological literature, conclusions, and recommendations for future scholarly inquiry into web-based instruction in distance education. 4 Instructions for Writing the Interest, Significance, and Rationale for the Critical Analysis 1.Discuss if the topic is of limited interest, regional, national, or perhaps of global interest? Explain why? You can include personalised interest based on experience and potential applications. 2. Describe why it is worth studying (or examining)? 3. Indicate that the presentation of the Review of the Literature follows 4. Develop a concluding statement (see example above, in lecture) to the effect that a synopsis and interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are presented at the end of the review in the discussion section. Refine this part with each new draft. Review of the Literature About ___ (add your topic)Lecture This is the second major part of this critical analysis. This has a long lecture. Now is the time to write you r in-depth Literature Review. You laid the foundations for this section in the Introduction to the Review, to organize your review according to those themes. Present the theoretical literature (theories, model, constructs, concepts) about those themes, and empirical literature (studies) regarding those themes, in a proper stylus. Follow the instructions (see presenting theoretical literature, and presenting empirical literature) in this Review of the Literature section.If you present the literature appropriately in this body of the review, then you will have information to present in the Discussion of the Literature. If you dont, this Review falls apart. Only literature presented in this Review of the Literature can be analyzed in the next section, Discussion of the Literature. You will save a stitch in time, if you follow instructions and learn how to present theories, and how to present studies, including the authors stated limitations and recommendations for future inquiry, in addition to your critique of those studies. General comments The theoretical and empirical literature is summarized, analyzed, evaluated, and synthesized in a more in-depth coherent manner within organized headings and sublevel headings. Specifically, information pertaining to theoretical, empirical, methodological, critical review, and case studies about the topic is reported. As reported previously, expect that you will obtain more literature than you will need to include in your literature review. Quantity, however, is not as important as selecting appropriate literature to present, that is of value and relevant.While many published Review articles may have more than 100 cited references, due to time constraints in the course, the expectation is a minimum of 20 relevant, scholarly citations in the text of your paper. This will increase to 50 references in the qualifying paper. It certainly isnt unusual to have over 100 references in a dissertation. Do not go overboard. Quality an d relevance is what counts. Dont use references from consulting firms or firms that are promoting their products or services. Look for scholarly publications. As you present literature in your word document, it is okay to talk to yourself.Make notes in the document to your self. You can use different font colors or highlights for these messages to yourself. o Perhaps you want to leave a message to yourself to review a particular article that you didnt yet have the chance to review, or o you want to search another theme. o Or you read an article, but didnt have a chance yet to write about it jot down notes o Use the word file as a tool where you keep all information in one place. You will find this technique very helpful in developing the qualifying paper, and in developing the your dissertation.The instructor does not mind (and in fact encourages you do to this, even in final copies0. Just make the messages neat and not to distracting) Of utmost importance, is that you present you r review appropriately. Practice doing it correctly immediately or you will be WASTING time (having to redo it later). Your review must be organized within the headings/sublevel headings. Insert the outline developed in the Introduction to the Review. Make sure that the outline is consistent with the organization of themes, concepts add theories in your literature map. It is ok if you reorganize or rename the themes, but make the changes if the Organization of the R (and literature map, in the prior section). You want the Introduction to the Review, Review of the Literature, and the Discussion section all to be internally consistent with one another. Instructions follow on how to present critically present, theoretical and empirical literature. FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS. Quotations and Paraphrasing and Critical Analysis This is a literature review, and not your opinion.

Why Critical Thinking Is Important Essay Example for Free

Why tiny Thinking Is Important EssayI. Problem StatementIn normal circumstances, the concept of thinking and lettered cooperate together. However, fear of thinking will influence your preciseness in knowing and may top to negative consequence. Moreover, without vital thinking, learning cannot be fully process though the instinct which will break to misunderstanding. For example, standards could only provide solid answers for every question. As long as you continue to follow the formulas of your mathematic text nurse without deprecative thinking, you cannot think further and understand the real meaning behind the equation. Therefore, critical thinking is beta in the accumulation of knowledge.II. BodyA. Why critical thinking is essential? 1. Critical thinking is important beca consumption it veers a person away from certain mistake. 2. According to Thinking vs. Knowing When Facts Get In the substance, by Victor E. Ferrall, Jr, he remind us that Of course, some knowledge is imprecise, e.g., if any of our kid is exit to have a problem sleeping it will be Bobby, or Mom always brings her historied fruitcake to a party. 3. Indeed, often the information that others provide us could be inaccurate. Hence, we should always use our brain to think and understand the other sides point of view in order to obviate insufficient knowledge.B. Amiss knowledge is dangerous if you dont think critically. 1. Knowledge can sometimes be used to swear or to dominate people. Therefore, we have to be critical about knowledge. 2. For example, In Thinking vs. Knowing When Fact Get in the way, it give an example that the society use imprecise information to misleading people, it reports that when a ghostlike sect knows the word will end on a date certain and it doesnt, the usual response is, not to think about why the adult male did not end, but rather to choose a new deadline, i.e. create new knowledge. 3. Even religious will use amiss knowledge to influence peoples beli ef, as a result, we should be careful with all the knowledge we learn from others because it may be wrong. Furthermore, if we can manage to be critical in thinking, then we can change and correct whatever mistaken knowledge when we ingest it and thereby, wint be manipulate by others.C. Why people avoid to critical think?1. mint avoid to critical thinking because they dont want to expose from the hidden story that could likely harm their ideal image. 2. In The need to know and the fear of Knowing, written by Abraham H. Maslow, he claims that we tend to be afraid of any knowledge that could cause us to despise ourselves or to exculpate us feel inferior, weak, worthless, evil and shameful. 3. Our weakness leads us away from the exemption of thought. Slowly, you will start losing your independence by living in a routine that does not require you to think. Meanwhile, when we start to lost our guiltlessdom slowly, living in a routine that does not require us to think, we are enslav ing to the rule and control by the social structure.D. Why we should critical thinking?1. We should think critically because it establishes liberty and intelligent. 2. According to the book named Krishnamuti, the writer believes that to be free is to be intelligent, but intelligence does not come into being by just wishing to be free it comes into being only when you begin to understand your whole environment, the social, religious, enatic and traditional influences that are continually closing in on you. 3. Likewise, freedom requires you to think clear, open tending(p) and rational before you apprehend the concealed stories. As soon as you realize the context, you will receive intelligent that could allow you to break down your fear and stand up for your freedom.III. ConclusionIn short, critical thinking is the major process when receiving knowledge. With this process, we can be able to seek the imprecise information and free from the power of regulation.